Gambling refers to any activity that involves a stake on a random event with the intent of winning something else of value. It can be done in a variety of ways such as lottery, casino games, sports gambling and even online. While it has many negative impacts, it also has some positive effects like socializing and mental development. However, it is important to note that the risk of addiction to gambling can be high especially if done in excessive amounts or when combined with other factors.
Gambling contributes a given percentage to the GDP of countries worldwide and is often seen at casinos and racetracks but it can also be done in other places such as gas stations, church halls or at sporting events. In addition, gambling is a source of employment to a number of people and it attracts tourists which can bring benefits to the local economy.
Nevertheless, it has a significant impact on society and if it is not addressed it can lead to a number of issues. These impacts can be structuralized using a conceptual model, wherein the benefits and costs are categorized as financial, labor and health/wellbeing. These classes manifest at the personal, interpersonal and community/societal levels. Individual level impacts induce effects on gamblers while external impacts influence those who are not necessarily gamblers. Examples include increased debt, family members’ lives affected by gambling and the risks of escalation into bankruptcy and homelessness.
Taking a public health approach to addressing gambling has been suggested as the best way to reduce resistance to help. Framing it as a health issue may also prevent progression of problem gambling behaviors such as alcohol misuse, depression and suicidal ideation.